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Oil Production Volatility and Carbon Dioxide Emissions in the Middle East Using Continuous Wavelet Transform
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Omid Ali Adeli *1   , Maasoumeh Vali2 |
1- university of Qom , oa.adeli@qom.ac.ir
2- , Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University |
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Abstract: (4 Views) |
This study examines the relationship between economic growth, oil production, and carbon dioxide emissions in seven major oil-producing countries in the Middle East (Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates) over the period 2001–2020. Using the Environmental Kuznets Curve framework and advanced wavelet tools, including Continuous Wavelet Transform and Wavelet Coherence analysis, both short- and long-term fluctuations in carbon dioxide emissions and the effects of economic and geopolitical shocks are analyzed. Quantile regression results indicate that the Environmental Kuznets Curve pattern varies across different levels of economic growth: U-shaped relationships dominate at the lower and upper tails of the emission distribution, while the effect of growth on emissions is almost neutral at the median. Wavelet and coherence analyses show that Iran, Iraq, and Saudi Arabia exhibit a strong structural link between oil production and carbon dioxide emissions, whereas more diversified economies, such as Qatar and the UAE, show lower dependency on oil. The findings highlight the high fossil fuel dependency of these economies and underscore the urgent need for a transition toward low-carbon development.
JEL Classification: Q43, Q56, C22, O13.
Keywords: Carbon dioxide emissions, oil production, Gross Domestic Product (GDP), oil price volatility, wavelet transform.
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| Keywords: Carbon dioxide emissions, oil production, Gross Domestic Product (GDP), oil price volatility, wavelet transform
JEL Classification: Q43, Q56, C22, O13. |
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Full-Text [PDF 3138 kb]
(7 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Energy Economic
Received: 2025/09/29 | Accepted: 2026/01/23 | Published: 2026/07/1 | ePublished: 2026/07/1
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