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Designing a Conceptual Model for the Transition to Low-Carbon Energy
Oil-rich Developing Versus Non-Oil-Rich Developed Countries
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Kioumars Heydari *   |
| niroo research institute , kheydari@nri.ac.ir |
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Abstract: (5 Views) |
The declining cost of renewable energy may suggest that the era of oil is coming to an end. However, despite their declining share, oil still represent a significant proportion of primary energy. The use of oil and coal since the Kyoto Protocol indicates a failure to reduce Greenhouse Gases (GHGs) emissions. Several studies have identified obstacles to renewable energy projects. The article examines the impact of the state of development and the presence of oil resources through a more comprehensive approach, using a broader concept of energy costs, Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, the Ricardian rent, and the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) were applied. The results show that the impact of alternative energy will vary according to the level of development and the presence of oil resources. In this sense, oil-rich developing countries follow a different pattern compared to non-oil-rich developed countries. From this perspective, alternative energy in general and renewables in particular, do not necessarily reduce fossil fuel consumption but mainly transfer it from more developed to less developed and under developed countries.
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| Keywords: JEL Classification: O3, Q2, Q4.
Technology Umbrella, Economic Peak Oil, Sustainable Development, Zero-Carbon. |
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Full-Text [PDF 3057 kb]
(5 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Energy Economic
Received: 2025/07/22 | Accepted: 2025/11/11 | Published: 2026/07/1 | ePublished: 2026/07/1
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